What types of aircraft are commonly used for air evacuation?

The types of aircraft commonly used for air evacuation are helicopters and fixed-wing airplanes specifically designed or modified for medical transport. Helicopters are often utilized for their ability to land in confined spaces and provide quicker response times, especially in emergencies or when reaching remote areas is necessary. They are equipped to handle various medical situations and can quickly transport patients to hospitals.

Fixed-wing airplanes, on the other hand, are used for longer distances and can transport multiple patients or those who require specialized medical care. These aircraft are often equipped with advanced medical equipment, allowing for in-flight monitoring and treatment.

The other options do not adequately meet the needs of air evacuation. Small recreational planes and gliders lack the necessary medical equipment and capabilities to transport patients safely. Heavy cargo planes, while they can carry large loads, are generally not equipped for patient transport and lack the necessary configurations for medical care. Commercial airliners, although capable of transporting passengers, do not typically have the medical setups or space necessary to manage patients with medical emergencies during transport.